To Save Our Marriage, My Husband Tied Me to the Headboard

The mattress dipped with his weight, a constant, gentle slope pulling her toward the centre. She resisted it, keeping her muscles tight to hold her position at the very edge. He slept on his right side, facing the wall. Even in sleep, his body seemed to occupy a carefully delineated territory, leaving a strip of cold sheet between them that felt intentional, a line drawn down the middle of the small bed.

It had been a month. Thirty-one nights of this. Thirty-one nights of lying awake in the dark of his bedroom, listening to him breathe. The sound was so familiar it was physically painful, a rhythm she had once been able to map her own sleep to. Now it just served as a reminder of his proximity, and of the distance.

She watched the faint light from the street filter through the thin curtains, tracing the pronounced curve of his spine. She knew the shape of him. She knew the way the muscles in his shoulders shifted when he was dreaming, the exact spot below his shoulder blade that was sensitive to her touch. Her fingers twitched at her side with the memory of it. She could reach out. It would be so easy to close the gap, to press her front to his back and slide an arm around his waist, to feel the warmth of his skin through the thin cotton of his t-shirt.

But she didn't move. The air in the room was too heavy, thick with everything they hadn't said since she’d carried her bags back up the three flights of stairs to his flat. It was easier to pretend to be asleep. Easier than initiating a touch that might be ignored, or worse, politely tolerated. They had sex, sometimes. Quiet, perfunctory acts in the dark that felt more like a contractual obligation than intimacy, a way of proving to themselves that this reunion was working. Afterwards, he would roll away, back to his side of the unspoken border, and the silence would rush back in to fill the space.

She could feel a dull ache spreading through her chest, a familiar longing for a version of him, of them, that she wasn't sure existed anymore. The Ethan who would pull her against him without thinking, whose hand would find hers in his sleep. She wondered if he ever lay awake like this, staring at her back, feeling the same chasm. Or if he slept soundly, content in the quiet arrangement they had made. She shifted her weight, the bed frame letting out a low creak, and his breathing hitched for a moment before settling back into its steady rhythm. He didn't move. She closed her eyes, but the image of his back remained, imprinted on the darkness.

A few evenings later, they were back in the same bed, propped against their respective pillows. The only light came from their phones, casting two separate, sterile blue rectangles onto their faces. The room was silent except for the faint, repetitive sound of Lena’s thumb swiping upwards on her screen, a mindless scroll through other people’s curated lives. On his side of the bed, Ethan was still.

She assumed he was reading something, an article or a long email from work. The silence wasn’t comfortable; it was the tense, deliberate quiet of two people in a confined space who had run out of safe things to say. It was a silence that made her ears ring.

“Lena?”

His voice, when it came, was so unexpected that she flinched. She didn’t look away from her phone. “Yeah?”

He cleared his throat. “I was reading something today.”

She waited, her thumb hovering over an image of a friend’s holiday in Greece. She could feel his hesitation like a physical presence in the air between them.

“It was this article,” he said, and his voice was aimed at the ceiling. “About couples. About… rebuilding intimacy.”

A cold, tight feeling seized her stomach. She kept her eyes fixed on the bright screen, but she wasn't seeing it anymore. The words hung in the space above the bed, stark and exposing.

“It talked about how, after a separation or a period of difficulty, the old patterns of physical interaction can feel… loaded,” he continued, his tone becoming unnaturally formal, as if he were reciting from a textbook. “So it proposed using structured scenarios. Exploring fantasies. As a way of communicating desire in a different context. A less pressurised one.”

He stopped talking. The silence that followed was different. It was active, demanding. He had taken the polite, unspoken agreement to ignore the deadness between them and ripped it open. He was talking about their sex. He was talking about the quiet, careful way they touched each other, the way they never looked at each other for too long afterwards. He was calling it what it was: a failure.

A hot, familiar wave of defensiveness washed over her. But beneath it, something else flickered. A sharp, surprising current of interest. It was the sheer audacity of it, of him naming the problem so clinically. Structured scenarios. He made it sound like a business proposal. Yet, it was the first time in a month that he had acknowledged the polite, hollow performance their physical relationship had become. He wasn't pretending anymore. In his own awkward, academic way, he was admitting that he wanted more. That he missed what they’d had.

Her first instinct was to say something cruel. Something like, So we’re scheduling it now? Is there a shared calendar for that? The words formed in her head, perfectly shaped and sharpened, ready to be deployed. It would be so easy to remind him that their entire relationship had fractured under the weight of his assumptions, his quiet expectations of what she should want, what she should be. This felt like more of the same, just packaged differently. A clinical, pre-approved framework for intimacy so he wouldn’t have to risk the messiness of asking her, directly, what she felt.

She lowered her phone, plunging her side of the bed into shadow. The screen on his phone was still lit, illuminating the tense line of his jaw. He was still staring at the ceiling, as if the answer he was waiting for might be written there. He wasn't looking at her. He was giving her an out, an opportunity to pretend she hadn't really heard, or to dismiss it with a noncommittal noise. She could just turn over and the conversation would be finished, another failed attempt swallowed by the quiet.

But she didn't turn away. She watched him. She saw the way his thumb was rubbing a frantic, repetitive circle on the edge of his phone case. He had braced himself for her rejection. It was there in the rigid set of his shoulders, the careful stillness of his body. He wasn't being arrogant or demanding. He was terrified. And beneath the terror, she could see the fragile, desperate hope that she might not say no. It was the most vulnerable he had looked in a month. More vulnerable than when he was inside her, his face buried in the dark.

The silence stretched. She could feel the steady, dull thud of her own heart against her ribs. To say no would be safe. It would maintain the sad, stable equilibrium they had established. They could continue like this for months, two polite ghosts sharing a bed, until the arrangement dissolved under its own weightlessness. To say yes felt like stepping off a ledge. It was an admission that this wasn't enough for her, either. It was handing him a piece of her, a piece he had broken before, and trusting him not to drop it.

She watched his throat move as he swallowed. He was still waiting.

The word came out before she had fully decided to let it. It felt foreign on her tongue.

“Alright.”

It was quiet, barely more than a breath, but it landed in the space between them with the force of a physical object. Ethan’s hand on his phone went still. He turned his head on the pillow, his eyes finally meeting hers in the dim light. He didn’t look relieved, not exactly. He looked startled, as if he couldn’t quite believe she’d said it. A long, slow breath escaped his lips, a sound of release that he seemed unable to hold in. He didn't say anything else. He just looked at her, and the distance between their pillows suddenly felt charged, a current running through the cold strip of sheet that separated them. Lena held his gaze, her own heart beating a frantic, unsteady rhythm, the single word she had spoken hanging in the air, fragile and immense.

He didn’t say anything for a long time after that. He just watched her, his expression unreadable in the low light. Eventually, he reached over and switched off his bedside lamp, and the room fell into complete darkness. Lena lay on her back, her eyes open, listening to the sound of him breathing, waiting. But he didn't move closer, and after a while, his breathing deepened into the slow, even rhythm of sleep.

The experiment, as she had started calling it in her head, didn’t happen that night, or the next. The word ‘Alright’ hung between them, an unresolved chord. They went to work, they made dinner, they spoke about an article he’d read in the paper, a film she wanted to see. It was all so normal, so carefully constructed, that she started to wonder if she had imagined the entire conversation. If he had decided it was too strange, too risky, and retreated back to the safety of their polite silence.

Then, on Saturday night, after they had showered and climbed into bed, he moved to his dresser drawer. She watched him, her body tensing. He pulled something dark and thin from the drawer and turned back to the bed. It was a tie. A plain, dark blue silk one he’d worn to his sister’s wedding last year. He held it looped over his fingers. He didn't say anything, just looked at her, his face serious. It was a question.

Lena’s heart started a low, heavy drumming against her ribs. She gave a small, jerky nod.

He came to her side of the bed. “Sit up,” he said. His voice was quiet, stripped of any discernible emotion. It was purely functional.

She pushed herself up, her back resting against the cool iron of the headboard. She was wearing one of his old t-shirts, the cotton soft against her skin. He stood over her for a moment before kneeling on the mattress, his weight making the bed dip toward him. He didn’t touch her. He just raised the tie.

“Close your eyes,” he instructed.

She did. He was gentle as he laid the smooth fabric over her eyelids. The silk was cool against her skin. She felt him move behind her, his fingers brushing the hair back from her neck as he worked the knot. It wasn’t tight, just secure enough that the world remained black when she tried to blink her eyes open. He moved back to kneel in front of her.

The sudden absence of sight was disorienting. The room, which she knew so intimately, suddenly felt vast and undefined. The darkness wasn't empty; it was filled with sound. She could hear the faint, low hum of the building, the whisper of a car passing on the street two floors below. More than anything, she could hear him. The soft intake and release of his breath. The rustle of the duvet as he shifted his weight. Each tiny noise was amplified, isolated.

Her own body became the centre of this new, dark universe. She could feel the slight draft from the window on her bare legs, the texture of the cotton shirt against her breasts, the weight of her own hands resting in her lap. The blood pulsed in her ears, a steady, internal beat.

She heard the sheets move again. He was closer now. She held her breath, waiting. The anticipation was a physical thing, a tightening in her stomach, a prickling heat that spread across her skin. She didn’t know what to expect, what the protocol was for this. She felt exposed, and yet, strangely, shielded by the darkness.

His touch, when it came, was so light it was barely there. The pads of his fingers against the soft skin of her inner forearm. He didn’t stroke her, just rested them there. The warmth of his hand seeped into her, a small point of contact in the enormous dark. It wasn’t a demand, or a claim. It felt like a question, asked in a language that had no words. For the first time in weeks, she didn’t have to think about how to respond. There was no expression to arrange on her face, no gaze to meet or avoid. There was only the darkness, and the feeling of his skin on hers. A long, slow breath she hadn't realised she was holding escaped her lips, and she felt the tension in her shoulders begin to dissolve.

His fingers moved, tracing the line of her arm up to her shoulder, the pressure firmer now, more deliberate. He explored the curve where her neck met her shoulder, his thumb pressing into the muscle there, making her shiver. The darkness was absolute, a black canvas on which every touch was painted in sharp, vivid detail. She felt him shift again, the duvet rustling, and then his warmth was all around her face, the scent of his skin and his breath filling the small space.

He lowered his head. The first touch of his lips was on her collarbone. It was a soft, closed-mouth press, and then another, a few inches along the bone. Then he opened his mouth. The wet heat of it was a shock. His tongue came out, tracing the hollow at the base of her throat. A low, involuntary sound escaped her, a sort of gasp that was half-swallowed. His hand left her arm and settled on her hip, his fingers gripping the bone through the thin cotton of her t-shirt.

He moved his mouth slowly, deliberately, leaving a wet trail from her throat, back along her collarbone. He returned to her arm, his lips and tongue tracing the same path his fingers had, down the intensely sensitive skin of the inner arm, all the way to the crook of her elbow. Lena’s head fell back against the headboard. Her breathing was uneven now, short, sharp intakes of air. Her passive stillness was gone. Without her telling it to, her body began to move, a slow, searching undulation. Her hips tilted into his hand, a silent request for more pressure, more contact.

He seemed to understand. His mouth became more demanding, his tongue working in slow, wet circles on her skin. He pushed the sleeve of the t-shirt up with his chin, baring her shoulder completely, and took the curve of it into his mouth, sucking gently. The pull was electric. Lena’s fingers, which had been lying limp in her lap, curled into fists, gripping the fabric of her own shirt. Another sound came from her throat, louder this time, a raw note of pleasure that surprised her.

The air in the room felt thick, heavy with the sound of their breathing and the wet slide of his mouth on her skin. All the polite distance, the careful silences of the past month, had evaporated. In their place was this raw, palpable chemistry, a charge that had been building between them, unacknowledged, and was now arcing in the dark. He moved lower, his mouth grazing the top of her sternum. His free hand came up, finding the hem of her t-shirt. He hesitated for a second, his fingers just resting on the fabric against her stomach. Then, slowly, he began to push it upward. The cool air hit her skin, followed immediately by the heat of his mouth on her ribs. Lena’s back arched sharply off the headboard, her whole body straining toward his touch.

He pushed the shirt all the way up, bunching the fabric under her chin. Her breasts were bare, her stomach, the pale skin of her ribs. He paused his assault, his mouth hovering just above her solar plexus. Lena could feel the heat radiating from him, the wetness he'd left on her skin growing cool in the air. She waited, her body still arched, trembling with a need that was sharp and painful.

Then his hands were at the back of her head, his fingers finding the knot of the tie. With a single, smooth pull, it came loose. The sudden return of light, dim as it was, was a shock. She blinked, her vision swimming. The first thing she saw clearly was his face, inches from hers. His eyes were dark, his pupils wide. He was looking at her, really looking, with an intensity that made the air feel thin. The careful neutrality was gone from his expression, replaced by a raw, undisguised hunger.

The space between them, the polite foot of mattress that had been their buffer zone for weeks, was gone. He was kneeling between her legs, his body a solid, warm presence pressing against her.

“Lena,” he said. His voice was thick, rough around the edges. He cleared his throat. “What do you want?”

The question hung there. It wasn’t rhetorical. It was a direct demand. The old Lena would have deflected, made a joke, looked away. But the darkness had stripped something away from her, a layer of self-consciousness she hadn’t realised was so heavy. She felt emboldened by the sounds she had made, by the way her body had moved without her permission.

She held his gaze. “I want you to fuck me,” she said. The words were plain, unadorned. “I want to feel you inside me.”

A muscle jumped in his jaw. He didn't speak. He reached down and pulled the bunched-up t-shirt over her head, tossing it onto the floor. Then his hands were on her, one cupping the back of her neck, pulling her forward into a kiss. It wasn’t gentle. His mouth was hard, his tongue pushing past her lips, deep and sure. It was a kiss that consumed, that took. She met it with her own urgency, her hands coming up to grip his shoulders, her nails digging into his skin.

He broke the kiss only to push her back against the pillows. He moved down her body, his hands and mouth retracing their path, but with a new purpose. He licked a stripe down the centre of her torso, over her stomach, his tongue dipping into her navel. Lena gasped, her hips lifting off the mattress. He moved lower, pushing her thighs apart.

His fingers found her, slick and ready. He pressed two fingers inside her, stretching her open. She cried out, a sharp, high sound. He looked up at her, his eyes still locked on hers, and his thumb found her clitoris, rubbing in slow, firm circles. She watched him watch her, the connection absolute, a feedback loop of pleasure and observation. She was coming apart under his gaze, under his hand, and he was seeing all of it.

He took his hand away before she could fall over the edge, leaving her suspended, aching. He shifted, shedding his own clothes with an economy of movement before settling between her legs again. He positioned the head of his penis at her entrance, slick with her own fluid, and paused. He was still looking at her, his expression intense, searching.

“Look at me,” he commanded softly.

He entered her with a single, slow, deliberate push. The feeling of him filling her was overwhelming. It was a pressure that was almost pain, a stretching that felt like a homecoming. He sank into her until their hips met, and then he was still, letting her body adjust to the feel of him. Lena wrapped her legs high around his waist, locking her ankles behind his back, pulling him as deep as he could possibly go.

He began to move. It wasn’t a frantic rush, but a slow, deep rhythm. A conversation. Each thrust was a question, each tilt of her hips an answer. His hands cupped her face, his thumbs stroking her cheekbones as he moved inside her. The friction was immense, building a tight, coiling heat deep in her belly. Her breath came in ragged sobs. She felt the beginning of her orgasm, a low, deep tremor that started in her core. His own breathing grew harsh, and he buried his face in her neck, his rhythm becoming faster, harder.

The release, when it came, was a convulsion. Her body clenched around him, her vision whitening at the edges as a sharp, keening cry of his name was torn from her throat. She felt his own release, the hot pulse of his semen deep inside her, his body going rigid before collapsing on top of her, heavy and complete. They lay tangled together, their sweat-slicked skin sticking, the sound of their gasping breaths the only noise in the quiet room. It didn't feel like an ending. It felt like the first real breath she had taken in a year.

The easy silence that had settled between them in the days following was a new texture in the room. It wasn't the heavy, watchful quiet of before, but something lighter, more permeable. They could exist in it without feeling the need to fill it. They read their separate books, the only sounds the turning of pages and the soft hum of the city outside the window. The space on the mattress between them had shrunk to a comfortable, incidental distance.

He was the one who broke it. He set his book, facedown, on his chest. “Lena,” he said.

She looked up from her page.

“I was thinking,” he started, his gaze fixed on a point on the ceiling. “About the other night. With the tie.”

Lena felt a familiar, low thrum of anticipation start in her stomach. She waited.

“I was thinking we could use it again,” he said. “But differently.”

She kept her expression neutral, a practiced skill. “How?”

He finally looked at her, and his eyes had that same dark intensity she’d seen when he’d pulled the blindfold off. “I want to tie your hands. To the headboard.”

The proposition landed in the quiet air between them. It was not a question. Her heart gave a hard, single thump against her ribs. There was a part of her, the cool, analytical part, that observed her own reaction with a distant curiosity. The immediate flush of heat, the sudden dryness in her mouth. She thought of the cold iron of the headboard, the dark silk against her skin. She thought of being unable to move, unable to touch him back. The idea was stark, and the thrill it sent through her was sharp and undeniable.

She closed her book and set it on the nightstand. “Alright,” she said. The word was quiet, but it felt solid, definitive.

He didn't move for a moment, just watched her. Then he pushed himself up and retrieved the tie from the drawer where he’d put it. He unfolded the dark silk, letting it run through his fingers. Lena sat up, turning to face the headboard and swinging her legs over the side of the bed. She put her hands up, resting her wrists against the black iron bars. The metal was cool against her skin.

He came up behind her, and she felt the warmth of his body without him touching her. He took her left wrist first, wrapping the silk around it twice before threading it around the bar and tying a simple, firm knot. He did the same with her right wrist. The bonds were not tight, she could move her fingers, could shift her hands a few inches, but she was tethered. Secure.

He stepped back. Lena remained as she was, her back to him, her arms raised. She expected him to touch her. To press against her back, to run his hands down her sides. She waited for the heat of his mouth on her neck.

Instead, she heard the soft sound of his feet on the floorboards as he walked around the bed. The mattress dipped with his weight as he sat down, not beside her, but at the very foot of the bed.

She twisted her head to look at him over her shoulder. He was sitting with his legs crossed, his hands resting on his knees. He was fully dressed. And he was just looking at her. His gaze wasn't hungry or overtly sexual. It was slow, methodical. It moved from her bound wrists, down her bare arms, over the curve of her spine visible through her thin tank top, along the line of her legs. He was taking her in, piece by piece. The silence in the room became taut. All other thoughts, all the noise of the day, fell away. There was only the sensation of the cool iron, the soft pull of the silk at her wrists, and the weight of his eyes on her body. The sight of herself, displayed for him like this, unable to do anything but receive his gaze, was unexpectedly potent. A slow, dark heat began to spread through her belly, a pure and thrilling response to being seen.

His voice, when it came, was low, a murmur that barely carried across the length of the bed. “I’m going to take your top off,” he said. It was a statement of fact. “I’m going to pull it up slowly, over your stomach, over your breasts. And you’re just going to lie there and let me look at you.”

Lena’s breath caught. The words were simple, but the way he said them, the quiet authority in his tone, sent a jolt straight to her core. A hot flush crept up her neck. She could feel her nipples tightening, pushing against the thin cotton of her tank top.

“I’m going to look at your breasts,” he continued, his eyes still fixed on her. “I’m going to talk about them. About how they look when you’re breathing like this. How your nipples are hard for me. And you can’t do anything about it. You can’t cover yourself. You can’t touch me.”

A wetness bloomed between her legs, sudden and slick. She shifted her hips, a small, involuntary movement against the mattress. The image he painted was so vivid she could almost feel the cool air on her skin as the shirt was lifted away.

“Then I’m going to get on the bed,” he said, his voice dropping even lower. “I’m going to kneel between your legs. I’m going to kiss your stomach. And your thighs. The inside of your thighs. I’m going to lick you until you’re shaking. I want to taste you while your hands are tied. I want to feel your hips lifting off the bed while my tongue is on your clitoris, and know you can’t touch me, you can’t pull me closer.”

Her whole body was humming, a high-frequency vibration under her skin. She was trembling. It wasn’t from cold. Each word was a touch, a spark landing on her skin, igniting little fires. Her mind, which so often raced with anxieties and analysis, was completely silent. There was only his voice, and the raw, physical response of her body. She was being unmade by his words, reduced to a collection of sensations. The physical restraint of the tie, which had at first felt like a playful prop, now felt intensely real, a key part of the intoxicating powerlessness that was making her unravel. She was displayed, helpless, and he was telling her exactly how he would take advantage of it. The heat between her legs intensified, a throbbing ache that demanded friction.

He stopped speaking. The silence that followed was heavier than before, thick with the explicit promises he had just made. He unfolded his legs and stood up from the end of the bed. He moved with a slow, deliberate grace, his eyes never leaving her. He walked to her side, the floorboards making no sound. He stood over her, a tall shadow in the lamplight.

Lena held her breath, her body arched in anticipation, every nerve ending alight. She was on the very precipice, balanced on the edge of a fall.

Then, his hands made contact. His palms were warm. He didn’t touch her where she was aching, where his words had been focused. He placed his hands gently on her sides, his thumbs resting just below her breasts, his fingers spread wide over her ribcage. The simple, solid pressure of his touch after the verbal assault was an electric shock. A shudder went through her entire frame, a tremor that started in her core and radiated out to her fingertips.

His thumbs brushed the underside of her breasts, a light, teasing stroke that made her hips jerk. He moved his hands back to her top, hooking his fingers in the hem. Just as he’d described, he drew the thin cotton up her body, maddeningly slow. The fabric dragged over her stomach, the faint friction a torment. Cool air hit her skin. He pulled it higher, over her breasts, the material catching for a moment on her hard nipples before he tugged it free and over her head, tossing it somewhere onto the floor.

He shifted, the mattress dipping as he knelt between her thighs. He didn't touch her. He just looked, his gaze travelling from her face, down her throat, to her breasts. They felt heavy, aching under his scrutiny. He watched them rise and fall with her quick, shallow breaths. Lena’s thighs were slick, the wetness a stark contrast to the dry heat on her face. She wanted to close her legs, to hide, but she couldn't. The helplessness was the most potent part of the thrill.

He leaned forward, his hair brushing her stomach as he lowered his head. His mouth was hot against her skin. He kissed a slow, wet line down from her navel, his tongue flicking out to trace the sharp line of her hip bone. Her whole body clenched. He moved to her inner thigh, pressing open-mouthed kisses against the sensitive skin, nudging her legs further apart. A low groan escaped her lips, lost in the quiet of the room. She was pulling against the silk ties now, not to escape, but to get closer, a futile gesture that only served to heighten the tension in her arms and shoulders.

His breath was hot and damp against her labia. She felt the first touch of his tongue, a soft, exploratory lick that made her gasp. He found her clitoris and settled there, his tongue moving in firm, steady circles. Lena’s head fell back against the pillows. The pleasure was immediate and overwhelming. It was all she could do to feel it, to let the waves of sensation wash over her. Her hips began to lift from the mattress, a desperate, seeking motion. She could feel the orgasm building, a tight, frantic knot low in her belly. He was relentless, the pressure and pace unwavering, as if he knew exactly how close she was.

She was right on the edge, her body coiling tight, a scream building in her throat. He suddenly pulled away from her, and she cried out at the loss. He moved up her body, his weight pressing her into the mattress. He was breathing hard, his face buried in her hair. He leaned in, his lips brushing her ear.

“My sweet girl,” he whispered, his voice thick with passion.

The words, meant to be tender, landed like a physical blow. They were the same words. The exact same words from that night, spat at her across the living room of their old flat, his voice dripping with a contempt that had flayed her open. You just want to be adored, don’t you? You just want to be someone’s sweet little girl. The memory was brutally vivid: the cold shock, the feeling of being made small, of her ambitions and her independence being reduced to a pathetic, childish need.

The erotic haze shattered into a million sharp pieces. The pleasure drained out of her body, replaced by a creeping, icy dread. The silk ties, which had felt playful and exciting moments before, were suddenly suffocating. They weren't a prop in a game; they were restraints, holding her down. His body, which had been a source of intense pleasure, now felt immensely heavy, a dead weight pinning her to the bed. She was trapped.

A small, broken sound, something between a sob and a gasp, escaped her throat. She tugged at her wrists, the knots holding firm against the iron bars.

“Stop,” she whispered, the word barely audible. He didn’t seem to hear, his lips moving to kiss her neck. A surge of panic, cold and sharp, went through her. “Ethan,” she said, her voice cracking, but louder this time. “Stop. Please, stop.”

He froze. Every muscle in his body went rigid. He lifted his head, pulling back just enough to look at her. The sound of their breathing was unnaturally loud in the sudden, absolute silence. The space between their faces, only inches, felt like a mile-wide chasm. The nakedness of her body was nothing compared to the raw, total exposure of that silence.